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What are the differences of FMVSS 302, UL94 and IEC60695 for flammability test?

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The flammability of different materials, such as plastics and other materials used in items such as automobile interiors, electronic devices, and electrical appliances, is evaluated using a number of different standards. Some of these standards are FMVSS 302, UL 94, and IEC 60695. Nevertheless, there are a number of important distinctions between these standards: FMVSS 302 is a specialized standard that was designed for the automotive industry to analyze the flammability of materials used in car interiors. Its purpose is to measure the combustibility of these materials. The UL 94 standard is a more comprehensive regulation that assesses the combustibility of a variety of materials, including plastics, and has applications in a number of different sectors. IEC 60695 is a global standard that is used in the process of assessing the potential for electronic and electrical equipment to catch fire. Testing Procedures The flammability of materials is determined using a variety of testing ...
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Accessible parts of equipment with standard IEC 62368 General An accessible part of an equipment is a part that can be touched by a body part. For the purposes of dctermining an accessible part, a body part is represented by one or more of the specified test probes. Accessible parts of an equipment can include parts behind a door, panel, removable cover, etc. that can be opened without the use of a tool. Accessible parts do not include those that become accessible when floor standing equipment having a mass exceeding 40 kg is tilted. For equipment intended for building-in or rack-mounting, or for subassemblies and the like for incorporation in larger equipment,accessible parts do not include those that are not accessible when the equipment or subassembly is installed according to the method of mounting or installation specified in the installation instructions. A part is considered accessible if the instructions or markings intended to be followed require that a person phys...
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Corrosion testing is widely employed in quality assurance laboratories within the metal industry as a critical step in quality control testing. These tests are typically conducted in salt spray test chambers, covering a range of tests for black metals and alloys. Additionally, corrosion testing is also carried out in the paint and coating industry to ensure the quality of coatings, thereby extending the lifespan of black metals. While corrosion may be considered a neglected topic, its impact on black metals cannot be overlooked. In environments rich in salt, these materials undergo occasional reactions with iron, triggering oxidation reactions that convert ferrous ions into ferric oxide. Over time, these oxidation reactions not only lead to complete product destruction but also provide a breeding ground for microbial reactions, accelerating product damage and failure. To avoid such situations, the paint and coating industry is actively improving the durability of their products and coa...
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