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Road lighting testing is an important step in ensuring the intensity and distribution uniformity of street lights. The Type-C goniophotometer is a commonly used testing instrument that can measure the photometric distribution of street lights and provide accurate data analysis. This article will discuss the methods and steps of using a Type-C goniophotometer for road lighting testing, as well as some considerations. I. Definition A Type-C goniophotometer is a photometer that can measure the spectral intensity of electromagnetic radiation. It analyzes the spectrum to obtain the distribution of light intensity at different wavelengths. The Type-C goniophotometer mainly consists of an optical system, a detector, and a signal processing system, and it has high accuracy and sensitivity. II. Working principle The working principle of a Type-C goniophotometer is based on the interference of light and the relationship between the voltage output of the detector and the light intensity. ...

With the development of technology and increasing environmental awareness, people are paying more attention to the environmental friendliness of products. RoHS (Restriction of Hazardous Substances) is a regulation issued by the European Union that aims to restrict the use of hazardous substances in electronics and electronic equipment to protect human health and the environment. RoHS testing refers to the testing of hazardous substances in products to ensure compliance with the restrictions of the RoHS regulation. The objects of RoHS testing include various materials and components in electronics and electronic equipment. Common objects of testing include electronic circuit boards, cables and connectors, motors and switches, batteries and power supplies, etc. These materials and components may contain various hazardous substances such as lead, mercury, cadmium, hexavalent chromium, polybrominated biphenyls (PBBs), and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs). The purpose of RoHS testin...

The Colorimeter works together with computer color management software to achieve modern industrial digital color matching functions, mainly for the perfect completion of color matching work, while reducing the workload of color management personnel to achieve human liberation. The Colorimeter mainly manages colors in five aspects: recipe modulation, recipe correction, color measurement, color difference control, and daily color management, each of which is very important. Introduction to color matching with Colorimeter: Recipe modulation Firstly, it is necessary to establish a dedicated color database for color mixing and matching, and input commonly used pigment data into the database. After that, if the color needs to be prepared, you can directly input the incoming color board into the computer, point out several candidate pigments on the keyboard, and calculate the final color formula in computer software based on the sample information measured by the Colorimeter. Then set ...

Spectrophotometer is a color measuring instrument with excellent performance, wide use, and easy operation. This instrument is suitable for color detection and color difference control of complex products in industry, such as measuring the reflected and transmitted colors of objects, while also measuring the whiteness, chromaticity, and the most basic color difference between two objects. The spectrophotometer is designed to provide a 45 °/0 ° geometric viewing angle suitable for human eye observation. It displays the reflectance and transmittance of a single object in the visible light band of 300nm-700nm, and is connected to a computer through an interface to expand more functions. Working principle of spectrophotometer: Spectrophotometer is an instrument that measures the color of an object by spectral photometry based on optical colorimetry. It consists of a light source, an integrating sphere, a spectrometer, a detector, and a data processing system. The main purpose of the de...

In the development of optical instruments, physical optics is the most fundamental theoretical basis, and both the internal results of Colorimeter and gloss meter involve physical optics. Involving physical optics can enhance customers' understanding of the instrument and help customers who have purchased color difference meters and gloss meters better use the instrument and analyze data. Corpuscular theory (Newton) In this theory, light is thought to be like a group of small elastic particles. Fluctuation Theory (Huygens) It is believed that light is a wave (mechanical wave) excited by some kind of vibration. ① The Interference Phenomenon of "A" -- Young's Double Slit Interference Experiment The two beams of light have the same frequency and constant phase difference. The phenomenon appears as a central bright strip with evenly spaced alternating light and dark stripes on both sides. Explain that when the distance difference from a certain point on the sc...

What is an oscilloscope? An oscilloscope is an electronic device used to measure alternating current (AC) or pulse current waveforms. It consists of an electronic tube amplifier, a scanning oscillator, and a cathode ray tube. It can be used to observe the form of current, measure frequency, voltage intensity, and other parameters. It can also be used to observe the periodic physical processes that can be transformed into electrical effects. Oscilloscopes are a multifunctional measuring instrument that can realize the time and numerical plotting of the continuous and variable signals of electric circuits. They are commonly used as a tool for measuring circuits and signals. Oscilloscopes are mainly divided into analog oscilloscopes and digital oscilloscopes. An analog oscilloscope uses an electron beam emitted by an electron gun which is focused on a fluorescent material screen to form an image. Digital oscilloscope is implemented through software and data acquisition, A/D conversion...

The ipx6 Waterproof Test Chamber can also be called an ipx6 strong flushing device. It uses a distance of 2.5-3 meters from the spray gun to conduct strong flushing test testing on various electronic products. IPX6 refers to preventing the invasion of large waves and damage to equipment soaked in water due to the invasion of large waves. Automobile headlights generally need to meet the IPx56 waterproof test. The test condition of IPX6 waterproof test chamber is that the nozzle inner diameter of the spray gun is 12.5mm; The water flow needs to reach 100 L/min; The water pressure needs to be adjusted according to the specified water flow; The water spraying distance needs to be 2.5m-3 meters from the shell; The water spraying time per square meter of its shell surface is about 1 minute; The shell test time should not be at least 3 minutes; The ipx6 water spray test chamber is divided into two different shapes of instruments: open type and chamber type, which can be used to test sampl...

A spectrum analyzer is an instrument used to study the spectral structure of telecommunications signals. It can measure signal distortion, modulation, spectrum purity, frequency stability, and intermodulation distortion, among other signal parameters, for the measurement of certain parameters of circuits such as amplifiers and filters. Spectrum analyzers are also referred to as frequency-domain oscilloscopes, tracking oscilloscopes, analysis oscilloscopes, harmonic analyzers, frequency characteristic analyzers, or Fourier analyzers. Modern spectrum analyzer can display the analyzed results in either analog or digital format, and can analyze the whole radio frequency band of the telecommunications signals under 1 GHz, including Very Low Frequency to millimeter wave bands. If equipped with digital circuits and microprocessors, spectrum analysis also have storage and calculation functions and can be configured with standard interfaces, thus forming automatic test systems. By using spect...

Illumination is one of the most important factors impacting human visual perception. The photometric performance of lighting fixtures and the luminous flux of LED fixtures are vital indicators for assessing the quality and performance of the fixtures. This article explores the importance of  Type C Goniophotometer for photometry of lighting fixtures and luminous flux testing of LED fixtures, as well as briefly introducing common measurement methods. Lighting plays an important role in people's daily life and work. Proper illumination distribution can improve the lighting effect and provide a comfortable lighting environment. LED luminaires, as anew type of lighting product, have their light flux as one of the important indicators for evaluating their performance and quality. Therefore, it is particularly important to conduct illumination distribution measurement and LED luminaire flux testing. Type C Goniophotometer is instruments that allow light sources or detectors to rotate...

1 General 1.1 Scope and object This International Standard(IEC61032) specifies details and dimensions of test probes intended to verify the protection provided by enclosures with regard to: – protection of persons against access to hazardous parts inside the enclosure; – protection of the equipment inside the enclosure against ingress of solid foreign objects. SMT IP20T_AL The object of this International Standard is: – to bring together in one publication object probes and access probes currently specified in other standards, together with any necessary new probes;    – to guide technical committees in the selection of finger probes; – to encourage those concemed to specify test probes in accordance with those already specified in this International Standard rather than modify details and dimensions; – to limit the further proliferation of types of test probe. 1.2 General recommendations When selecting probes, priority should be given to IP code probes. The use of other probes, partic...

8 Protection of Users-Accessibility of Uninsulated Live Parts and Moving Parts-and User Servicing in UL 2200 8.1 The requirements in 8.2-8.17 apply only to low voltage parts that are accessible to the user and are isolated from medium voltage circuits. See 8.18 for requirements for medium voltage parts and low voltage parts that are not isolated from medium voltage circuits. For protection of service personnel requirements, refer to Section 43. Protection of Service Personnel. SMT PA130B_AL 8.2 Uninsulated live parts a potential involving a risk of electric shock,risk of electrical high/energy levels or risk of iujury due to moving parts that are located in an area containing access to controls or disconnects by the user shall be insulated or enclosed to reduce the likelihood of contact with such parts, regardless of their location. 8.3 Engine generator assemblies intended to be located within a restricted access area are not considered user accessible when provided with the following:...

Static Discharge Gun, is also known as ESD Simulation.With the continuous development of automotive electronic technology, the impact of electrostatic discharge on automotive electronic devices is becoming increasingly significant. This article introduces the phenomenon of electrostatic discharge, analyzes the potential damage it can cause to automotive electronic devices, and proposes an automotive electronic anti-static testing method based on an electrostatic discharge tester. Through experimental verification, this method can effectively evaluate the anti-static performance of automotive electronic devices and provide reliable data support for the design and manufacturing of automotive electronic devices. Electrostatic discharge is a common phenomenon that can cause severe damage to automotive electronic devices. In the field of automotive electronics, electrostatic dischargehas become an important research topic. This article focuses on the application research of an electrostatic...

As an emerging light source, LED is very different from the traditional light source in terms of its own structure and luminous characteristics. Due to the self -absorption effect of the LED itself and the measurement error brought by the internal shield of the integrating sphere, the LED’s optical flux error is measured with a large amount of optical flux errors. The position and gear screen of the internal light source in the traditional integrating sphere should be adjusted to reduce the measuring error. The data and theoretical calculation of software simulation proves that LEDs should be placed on the inner wall of the integrating sphere and 90 ° in the same plane as the detector probe. The difficulty of the light source of the light source is the test of the optical flux. Compared with traditional light sources, due to the particularity of LEDs, although the International Lighting Commission (CIE) and the measurement research institutions of the United States, Canada and other co...

9.3 Stationary fans and permanently connected fans up in UL 507 9.3.1 In accordance with 9.1.1, the design and intended use of a stationary fan or of a fan intended to be permanently connected electrically is to be considered when evaluating an enclosure or guard. 9.3.2 The impeller of a stationary or permanently connected fan shall be constructed so that it cannot be contacted by the probe illustrated in Figure 9.2. SMT PA100A_AL Exception No. 1: An impeller of an in-wall fan, or a plenum-mounted fan with the grille flush with the ceiling, is not required to be guarded when it is mounted at least 2.1 m (7 feet) above the floor and marked as specified in 81.4. Exception No, 2: An impeller of a wall- or ceiling- insert fan shall comply with9.3.4-9.3.5. Exception No. 3: An impeller of a stationary or permanently connected nonresidential fan is not required to be guarded when it is mounted at least 2.1 m (7 feet) above the floor and marked as specified in 81.4 and either 80.1.10 or 141.1....